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Orthodontics ; Structural position disorders observed in the alignment of the teeth and additionally deformations in the jaw structure that can be seen. Namely, orthodontics; It covers the detection of disorientated teeth and jaw, preventing or stopping it in the early period and improving it in the future.

   Orthodontics; It is a foreign origin word formed by the combination of the ancient Greek words orthos (straight, straighten) and odont (tooth). In fact, its definition clearly explains the purpose of the field. The main goal is all kinds of interventions to the lower and middle face area, especially the teeth, which can affect the general appearance of the face.

 In Which Situations Is Orthodontic Treatment Necessary?

   The most common orthodontic problems are the undesirable changes in the position of the jaw and indirectly the whole face as a result of the misposition of the teeth. Orthodontic treatment is carried out only after the examination and planning of dentists who have specialized in orthodontics. As a result of incorrect alignment of the teeth, 6 basic disorders are observed in the teeth and their relations with each other. These:

•     Overbite : The upper teeth cover the lower teeth more than normal. With this disorder, the upper teeth can also be positioned ahead of the lower ones. It can be corrected with orthodontic treatment.
•     Underbite : It is the condition that the lower teeth are ahead of the upper teeth. It can cause the lower lip to pass in front of the upper lip. It can be corrected with orthodontic treatment (braces).
•     Crossbite : Reverse bite between the upper and lower teeth. It can be corrected with orthodontic treatment.
•     Openbite : It is the case that the front teeth do not touch each other and the gap between the teeth remains even when the back teeth touch each other to close. It can be corrected with orthodontic treatment (braces).
•     Cavities : It is the condition that there are gaps between the teeth that are lost due to genetic reasons or external factors. It can be corrected with orthodontic treatment  (braces) or dentures.
•     Crowding : It is the situation where there is not enough room for the teeth to come out in a healthy way in one jaw or both, and the resulting jamming causes malalignment.  It can be corrected with orthodontic treatment .

   Apart from all these, complications that occur as a result of situations that cause deformations in the patient's teeth and jaw structure such as accidents, injuries and physical traumas can also be solved with orthodontic treatment methods and orthodontic appliances when necessary.

 Types of Orthodontic Treatment

There are 4 types of Orthodontic treatment methods that are    widely used today   . Wires to be used during the process; It may vary according to the structural disorder of the patient or the expectations of the patients at some points.

Metal Braces (Metal Brackets)

   It is the oldest, most durable and most used type of braces. After considering the structure of both the jaw and the teeth, it is possible to place it on the inner or outer surface of the tooth by the dentist. Although it does not promise an aesthetically pleasing appearance, it is the treatment method suitable for every problem. In addition, braces prices are often known as the most economical orthodontic method, based on 2019. Depending on the degree of the disorder, recovery is achieved in a period of 6 months to 2 years.

Transparent Braces (Porcelain Brackets)

    There is no significant difference in treatment outcome between clear braces and metal braces. Since transparent braces are produced from a porcelain-based material, they look much more aesthetic and natural like tooth structure. However, since it will not be as durable as metal braces, it should be used more carefully. For this reason, it may not be suitable for children.

Lingual Braces (Lingual Braces)

   Lingual braces developed to eliminate the disturbing appearance, which is the biggest disadvantage of braces; It is placed on the invisible inner surface of the tooth instead of the visible outer surface. It can be used in situations similar to metal or transparent (porcelain) braces. When compared in terms of treatment prices, it may include higher costs than metal braces or transparent (porcelain) braces.

Transparent Plaque – Transparent Dental Plaque

This method, also known as Invisalign, which consists of the combination of the words " Invisible    " meaning "invisible " and " aligner " meaning "correcting" , is frequently used in cases of orthodontic disorders with partially milder tooth and jaw disorders. Unlike the others, there are no brackets and wires in the application of transparent dental plaque. The patient is subjected to special 3D measurements for the existing tooth structure and the desired correction. Considering the results of the measurements made, a transparent plaque (Invisalign) is prepared for the patient.

   Transparent plaque; The patient wears this plaque, which is not attached to his mouth or teeth in any way, for an average of 22 hours a day, day and night. One of the most fundamental differences from standard braces is; The patient can remove the transparent dental plaque by himself without the need for any tools for activities such as tooth brushing and eating, and can easily re-insert it after the necessary procedures are completed. Since its name is transparent on it, it does not leave the patient in a difficult situation in terms of aesthetics.

   In addition, when the plaque is removed from the mouth, strength and pain disappear. Transparent plaque treatment can be completed with a single plaque, or it is possible to use more than one plaque that is changed at intervals, taking into account the duration of the treatment and the structural defect of the teeth.

HOW LONG DOES ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT TAKE?

   Orthodontic treatment period; It varies according to the amount of crowding, the age of the patient, and the type of treatment to be applied. Patients who follow the treatment rules, pay attention to oral care, and use the given appliances as they should be can shorten the treatment period.

ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT CLEANING

   Teeth can be brushed easily while braces are present. It is very important to have good oral hygiene in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. Otherwise, gum diseases and caries may occur due to food residues accumulating between the wires and the microbial flora resulting from them. For this reason, a more detailed and more frequent oral care should be done with interface brushes and toothbrushes.